Wednesday, September 22, 2010
Moderate Wine Drinking Linked to Preserved Cognitive Function
In a Norwegian long-term population-based study, moderate wine drinkers had better cognitive test scores after 7 years' follow-up compared with teetotalers and those who rarely drank alcohol, researchers report in July in Acta Neurologica Scandinavica.
Watercress may 'turn off' breast cancer mechanisms
A compound found in watercress may suppress breast cancer development by stopping the function of a protein important in tumor development, according to new research.
ACE vitamins may reduce colon cancer risk
The research, published in the journal Cancer Causes Control, claims that supplementation with multivitamins, especially those containing vitamins A, C, E, and folate are linked to lower risks of colon cancer.
Vitamin D Could Assist In Helping Asthma Patients
Vitamin D can significantly help with the treatment of asthma, according to research published in the September edition of Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.
Deficiency of vitamin D has been connected to numerous diseases, including heart disease, diabetes and some cancers. Researchers have read close to 60 years' worth of literature on vitamin D and asthma, and are finding that this ailment may be included as well.
Researchers found that a vitamin D deficiency can potentially increase airway reactivity and lead to diminished lung functions and worse asthma control.
Deficiency of vitamin D has been connected to numerous diseases, including heart disease, diabetes and some cancers. Researchers have read close to 60 years' worth of literature on vitamin D and asthma, and are finding that this ailment may be included as well.
Researchers found that a vitamin D deficiency can potentially increase airway reactivity and lead to diminished lung functions and worse asthma control.
Variety in Fruit and Vegetable Intake Linked to Lower Lung Cancer Risk in Smokers
Variety in fruit and vegetable intake is linked to lower lung cancer risk in smokers, according to the results of a prospective cohort study reported online August 31 in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.
Lycopene Protects Against Sun
A randomised controlled study of 20 healthy females found tomato paste containing lycopene provides protection against acute and potentially longer term aspects of photodamage.
Antioxidants for fertility, sperm quality
Evidence from randomized controlled trials was found to support a link between antioxidant supplementation and improvements in male fertility linked to sperm quality, according to a review published in Reproductive BioMedicine.
Thursday, September 16, 2010
Regular Statin Use Is Associated With a Reduced Risk of Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis
here is an association between taking statins (lipid lowering drugs), and reduced risk of developing the chronic inflammatory disease, rheumatoid arthritis. These are the findings of a study published in this week's PLoS Medicine.
Cranberry juice could block 'staph infections'
Researchers at Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), reported the surprise finding of the study - that that a cranberry juice cocktail blocked a strain of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) from beginning the process of infection.
Blueberries show anti-diabetic potential
Obese, non-diabetic, and insulin-resistant participants who consumed a blueberry smoothie daily for six weeks experienced a 22 percent change in insulin sensitivity, compared to only 4.9 percent in the placebo group, state findings published in the Journal of Nutrition.
Fruit and vegetable concentrate may reduce cold symptoms
A micronutrient-dense concentrate of a range of fruit and vegetables including cherry, apple, broccoli, cranberry, orange, pineapple, spinach, and tomato was found to reduce the symptoms for moderate and severe common cold, according to findings published in the British Journal of Nutrition.
Tuesday, August 31, 2010
Bisphenol A (BPA) and Testosterone Levels
An international group of researchers led by the Peninsula Medical School and the University of Exeter have for the first time identified changes in sex hormones associated with exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) in men, in a large population study.
The study found that higher BPA exposure was statistically associated with endocrine changes in men, specifically small increases in levels of testosterone in the blood.
The study found that higher BPA exposure was statistically associated with endocrine changes in men, specifically small increases in levels of testosterone in the blood.
Grapefruit's Bitter Taste Holds a Sweet Promise for Diabetes Therapy
Naringenin, an antioxidant derived from the bitter flavor of grapefruits and other citrus fruits, may cause the liver to break down fat while increasing insulin sensitivity, a process that naturally occurs during long periods of fasting.
Survey of Patient knowledge Related to Acetaminophen Recognition, Dosing, and Toxicity
Deficiencies were found in patient knowledge regarding acetaminophen recognition, dosing, and potential for toxicity. The development of effective educational initiatives is warranted to ensure patient awareness and limit the potential for acetaminophen overdose.
Switching Protein Sources May Reduce CHD Risk
Data from more than 84 000 women over 26 years suggest that shifting dietary protein sources away from red meat to more poultry, fish, and nuts can reduce an individual's risk of coronary heart disease.
Beer Drinking Increases Risk for Psoriasis in Women
Consumption of regular, but not light, beer is associated with an increased risk for the development of psoriasis among women, but other alcoholic beverages do not increase this risk, according to new research published Online First August 16 in the Archives of Dermatology.
Acetaminophen Use in Adolescents May Double Risk for Asthma
Acetaminophen use in adolescents is linked to development and/or maintenance of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema, according to the results of a global study reported online August 13 in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.
Probiotics again show anti-diarrhea potential for kids
Daily supplements of Lactobacillus casei probiotics may reduce the incidence of diarrhea in children by 14 percent, says a new study based in an urban slum in Kolkata, India.
Sunday, August 22, 2010
Phytosterols for high LDL Choletserol
A recent review says there is sufficient evidence is to recommend phytosterols for lowering LDL cholesterol in adults. Phytosterol therapy produces an average 10–11% reduction in LDL cholesterol concentration and are safe and well-tolerated.
Saturday, August 14, 2010
Iron-Regulating Protein Is Strong Predictor of Breast Cancer Prognosis
A new study by researchers at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center (WFUBMC) may soon help to spare some women with breast cancer from having to undergo invasive and toxic treatments for their disease.
Investigators found that low levels of ferroportin, the only known protein to eliminate iron from cells, are associated with the most aggressive and recurring cancers. The finding suggests that testing for ferroportin levels in women with breast cancer may one day help doctors to more accurately predict whether their patients' cancer will return. It may also help some women with high levels of the protein to avoid invasive or toxic treatments such as chemotherapy.
Investigators found that low levels of ferroportin, the only known protein to eliminate iron from cells, are associated with the most aggressive and recurring cancers. The finding suggests that testing for ferroportin levels in women with breast cancer may one day help doctors to more accurately predict whether their patients' cancer will return. It may also help some women with high levels of the protein to avoid invasive or toxic treatments such as chemotherapy.
Potential Prostate Cancer Marker Discovered
Studies by a Purdue University-led team have revealed a potential marker for prostate cancer that could be the starting point for less invasive testing and improved diagnosis of the disease.
The team used a new analysis technique to create a profile of the lipids, or fats, found in prostate tissue and discovered a molecular compound that appears to be useful in identifying cancerous and precancerous tissue. The profile revealed that cholesterol sulfate is a compound that is absent in healthy prostate tissue, but is a major fat found in prostate cancer tumors.
The team used a new analysis technique to create a profile of the lipids, or fats, found in prostate tissue and discovered a molecular compound that appears to be useful in identifying cancerous and precancerous tissue. The profile revealed that cholesterol sulfate is a compound that is absent in healthy prostate tissue, but is a major fat found in prostate cancer tumors.
Thursday, August 12, 2010
Carnipure™ Tartrate Helps Post-Exercise Recovery
A new study provides evidence that daily supplementation with two grams of L-Carnitine in the form of Carnipure™ tartrate can accelerate post-exercise recovery and reduce muscle soreness in middle-aged individuals. Carnipure™ tartrate is a high quality form of L-Carnitine produced by Lonza. The double-blind, placebo-controlled, balanced, crossover study was conducted by the Department of Kinesiology at the University of Connecticut and published in the August 2010 issue of the Journal Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental.
Wednesday, August 11, 2010
Two new studies further address the risks of rosiglitazone
For more than 10 years, thiazolidinediones (TZDs) have been prescribed for diabetes therapy in the U.S. on the sole basis of evidence that they improve glycemic control. An association of TZDs with heart failure is relatively well-established; however, recent data have implicated rosiglitazone in other adverse cardiovascular events as well.
Two new studies further address the risks of rosiglitazone. In an observational cohort study, 227,571 Medicare patients (median age, 74.4) began therapy with either rosiglitazone or pioglitazone between July 2006 and June 2009. During a median follow-up of 105 days, rosiglitazone recipients were significantly more likely than pioglitazone recipients to experience adverse events including stroke, heart failure, death from any cause and a composite of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), stroke, heart failure, and death.
In an extension of a well-known 2007 meta-analysis of clinical trials of rosiglitazone (JW Cardiol May 21 2007), researchers examined 56 trials involving 35,531 patients randomized to receive rosiglitazone or a control therapy for more than 24 weeks.
Compared with controls, patients in the rosiglitazone groups had a significantly higher risk for myocardial infarction.
Two new studies further address the risks of rosiglitazone. In an observational cohort study, 227,571 Medicare patients (median age, 74.4) began therapy with either rosiglitazone or pioglitazone between July 2006 and June 2009. During a median follow-up of 105 days, rosiglitazone recipients were significantly more likely than pioglitazone recipients to experience adverse events including stroke, heart failure, death from any cause and a composite of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), stroke, heart failure, and death.
In an extension of a well-known 2007 meta-analysis of clinical trials of rosiglitazone (JW Cardiol May 21 2007), researchers examined 56 trials involving 35,531 patients randomized to receive rosiglitazone or a control therapy for more than 24 weeks.
Compared with controls, patients in the rosiglitazone groups had a significantly higher risk for myocardial infarction.
Colostrum may boost immune function after exercise
Four weeks of supplementation with bovine colostrum reversed the decreases in the function of immune cells that accompanied intense exercise, according to findings published in the British Journal of Nutrition.
The main findings of the present study are that 4 weeks of bovine COL supplementation improved the speed of recovery of neutrophil function after exercise-induced immunodepression and reduced exercise-induced alterations in salivary lysozyme concentration and secretion rate.
The main findings of the present study are that 4 weeks of bovine COL supplementation improved the speed of recovery of neutrophil function after exercise-induced immunodepression and reduced exercise-induced alterations in salivary lysozyme concentration and secretion rate.
Pomegranate compounds show skin health potential
Korean scientists report that ellagic acid may prevent the degradation of collagen in human skin cells, which would maintain skin structure and slow the formation of wrinkles, according to findings published in this month’s issue of Experimental Dermatology.
Additional studies with hairless mice showed that the polyphenol prevented the thickening of the skin on exposure to UV radiation. Topical application of ellagic acid was associated with a decrease in levels of pro-inflammatory compounds in the skin of the animals, report researchers from the Department of Food and Nutrition at Hallym University in Korea.
Additional studies with hairless mice showed that the polyphenol prevented the thickening of the skin on exposure to UV radiation. Topical application of ellagic acid was associated with a decrease in levels of pro-inflammatory compounds in the skin of the animals, report researchers from the Department of Food and Nutrition at Hallym University in Korea.
Monday, August 9, 2010
Yogurt proteins could stabilize omega-3 enrichment
Adding omega-3 rich fish oils into functional food products by substituting it for some of the original fat in foods could be a way to increase the amount of long chain omega-3 in our diet. However the problems involved with incorporating fish-oils in food products are well established. The main problem with introducing fish oils such as omega-3 to into food products is that it brings oxidative instability and can lead to potential ‘off-flavor’ formation.
Research that assessed the feasibility of such enrichment in dairy products found that yogurt with added omega-3 fatty acids are less susceptible to oxidation then milk containing the same amount of omega-3.
Research that assessed the feasibility of such enrichment in dairy products found that yogurt with added omega-3 fatty acids are less susceptible to oxidation then milk containing the same amount of omega-3.
Thursday, August 5, 2010
Research links chili compound to lower blood pressure
A recent animal study has linked frequent intake of capsaicin to a reduction in blood pressure, the first time that the effect has been observed for long-term use.
The study provides fresh evidence to support the theory that capsaicin can improve blood vessel function and lower blood pressure, which lends support to it use as a dietary supplement or functional ingredient in foods.
The study provides fresh evidence to support the theory that capsaicin can improve blood vessel function and lower blood pressure, which lends support to it use as a dietary supplement or functional ingredient in foods.
Wednesday, August 4, 2010
Resveratrol’s anti-inflammatory power gets human data boost
New research has observed the suppressive effects of resveratrol on inflammation and oxidative stress in humans – the first time such effects have been observed.
Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are part of the root causes of many diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance, auto-immune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease.
In the study, 20 healthy participants were randomized to receive placebo or 40mg of resveratrol over a six week period. Researchers observed that the resveratrol rich PCE suppressed reactive oxygen species generation, and also suppressed binding of the pro-inflammatory cytokine NFkB. The study also saw a significant reduction in the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6, two major pro-inflammatory cytokines that are regulated by NFkB.
In parallel to these effects, the study witnessed a reduction in the expression of two major pro-inflammatory molecules (JNK-1 and IKKβ), leading to an anti-inflammatory response. The study also saw a reduction in the expression of SOCS-3, a protein that is modulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are part of the root causes of many diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance, auto-immune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease.
In the study, 20 healthy participants were randomized to receive placebo or 40mg of resveratrol over a six week period. Researchers observed that the resveratrol rich PCE suppressed reactive oxygen species generation, and also suppressed binding of the pro-inflammatory cytokine NFkB. The study also saw a significant reduction in the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6, two major pro-inflammatory cytokines that are regulated by NFkB.
In parallel to these effects, the study witnessed a reduction in the expression of two major pro-inflammatory molecules (JNK-1 and IKKβ), leading to an anti-inflammatory response. The study also saw a reduction in the expression of SOCS-3, a protein that is modulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Vitamin B May Not Guard Against Second Stroke, Heart Attack
Stroke patients who take vitamin B supplements to lower their homocysteine levels may not be protected from second strokes or heart attacks, a new study finds. Read more
Friday, July 30, 2010
Study confirms rooibos antioxidant potential
Italian researchers have found that rooibos tea is able to boost plasma antioxidant defences in humans.
The researchers from the Antioxidant Research Laboratory in Rome found ingestion of fermented and unfermented rooibos tea increased TAC levels, measured as total antioxidant capacity (TAC).
The researchers from the Antioxidant Research Laboratory in Rome found ingestion of fermented and unfermented rooibos tea increased TAC levels, measured as total antioxidant capacity (TAC).
Tuesday, July 27, 2010
Myth busting: Can artificial sweeteners raise your blood sugar?
Most artificial sweeteners -- saccharin, aspartame and sucralose, for example -- offer the sweetness of sugar without the calories. They contain no carbohydrates and so have no effect on blood sugar. But these sweeteners are sometimes paired in "sugar free" products with another sugar substitute called sugar alcohols. Read more
Friday, July 23, 2010
Tonalin® CLA Delivers Health Benefits for Mild Asthmatics
In the first published study of its kind, Tonalin® CLA improved airway hyper-reactivity in overweight mild asthmatics accompanied by a significant improvement in their tolerance for strenuous exercise.
Adults taking Tonalin® CLA also reduced their body weight and BMI by 2 kg (4.4 lbs) and 0.5 kg/m over time which was associated with a metabolically favorable change in adipokine concentrations. The reductions observed in the CLA group were significantly different from the placebo group confirming once again the beneficial impact of CLA for weight and body fat management.
The prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention trial, published in the July edition of the Journal of Clinical & Experimental Allergy, was conducted by a team of researchers at the University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada.
Adults taking Tonalin® CLA also reduced their body weight and BMI by 2 kg (4.4 lbs) and 0.5 kg/m over time which was associated with a metabolically favorable change in adipokine concentrations. The reductions observed in the CLA group were significantly different from the placebo group confirming once again the beneficial impact of CLA for weight and body fat management.
The prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention trial, published in the July edition of the Journal of Clinical & Experimental Allergy, was conducted by a team of researchers at the University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada.
Low vitamin D linked to metabolic syndrome in seniors
Insufficient and deficient levels of vitamin D may increase the risk of metabolic syndrome by about 40 percent, according to new findings.
According to findings presented at The Endocrine Society's 92nd Annual Meeting in San Diego, of the 1,300 white Dutch men and women ages 65 and older surveyed almost 50 percent were vitamin D deficient, and about 37 percent of the total sample had the metabolic syndrome.
Vitamin D deficiency has previously been linked to impaired insulin secretion in animals and humans, and has also been linked to insulin resistance in healthy, glucose-tolerant subjects.
According to findings presented at The Endocrine Society's 92nd Annual Meeting in San Diego, of the 1,300 white Dutch men and women ages 65 and older surveyed almost 50 percent were vitamin D deficient, and about 37 percent of the total sample had the metabolic syndrome.
Vitamin D deficiency has previously been linked to impaired insulin secretion in animals and humans, and has also been linked to insulin resistance in healthy, glucose-tolerant subjects.
Compound in banaba shows promise against human rhinoviruses
Human rhinoviruses are the predominant cause of common viral respiratory tract infections. They exhibit symptoms such as sore throat, rhinitis, nasal congestion and cough, as well as acute otitis media and sinusitis, and are associated with exacerbations of asthma in both children and adults
The leaves of Lagerstroemia speciosa L. (banaba in Philippines' Tagalog dialect) are used as traditional medicinal foods in Southeast Asia including in Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia and southern China. For example, tea brewed with its leaves is often used to treat diabetes.
This recent laboratory study found the compound from banaba was more effective against several strains than the anti-viral drug ribavirin.
The leaves of Lagerstroemia speciosa L. (banaba in Philippines' Tagalog dialect) are used as traditional medicinal foods in Southeast Asia including in Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia and southern China. For example, tea brewed with its leaves is often used to treat diabetes.
This recent laboratory study found the compound from banaba was more effective against several strains than the anti-viral drug ribavirin.
Thursday, July 22, 2010
Is resveratrol promising on erectile dysfunction?
A recent animal study indicates resveratrol normalizes endothelial dysfunction caused by atherogenic diet.
Drugs that improve endothelial function in the cavernous arteries and the corpus cavernosum tissue hold great promise in treating or at least minimizing the vascular damage that contributes to erectile dysfunction.
Resveratrol (trans-3,5,4′-trihydroxystilben) is a polyphenol (phytoalexin) naturally found mostly in red wine and different therapeutic plants. By in vitro experiments, it has been displayed that the cardiovascular protective effects of resveratrol might be through a variety of mechanisms: it inhibits the proliferation of smooth muscle cells, platelet aggregation, and the oxidation of LDL cholesterol; it also reduces the synthesis of lipids and eicosanoids, which promote inflammation and atherosclerosis.
Drugs that improve endothelial function in the cavernous arteries and the corpus cavernosum tissue hold great promise in treating or at least minimizing the vascular damage that contributes to erectile dysfunction.
Resveratrol (trans-3,5,4′-trihydroxystilben) is a polyphenol (phytoalexin) naturally found mostly in red wine and different therapeutic plants. By in vitro experiments, it has been displayed that the cardiovascular protective effects of resveratrol might be through a variety of mechanisms: it inhibits the proliferation of smooth muscle cells, platelet aggregation, and the oxidation of LDL cholesterol; it also reduces the synthesis of lipids and eicosanoids, which promote inflammation and atherosclerosis.
Isotretinoin may increase the risk of cardiovascular disorders by causing hyperhomocysteinaemia
Isotretinoin has revolutionized the treatment of acne by improving the cosmetic outcome and decreasing the psychological damage.
However, a new study suggests that after 2 months of treatment with isotretinoin there may be an increased risk of cardiovascular disorders as a result of hyperhomocysteinaemia.
However, a new study suggests that after 2 months of treatment with isotretinoin there may be an increased risk of cardiovascular disorders as a result of hyperhomocysteinaemia.
FDA freezes long-term study on diabetes drug
A long-term study on the safety of a popular diabetes drug was put on hold Wednesday by the Food and Drug Administration, while the FDA considers whether it’s too dangerous to continue. Several large studies have linked the drug, Avandia, to a higher risk of heart attacks and other heart problems. Read more
Wednesday, July 21, 2010
Higher-Protein Diets Support Weight Loss, but May Lower Bone Density in Postmenopausal Women
Overweight and moderately obese postmenopausal women using diets based on higher protein intake also need to be aware of potential bone loss, according to new research from Purdue University.
Researchers analyzed data from two controlled diet studies and discovered the women who ate the energy-reduced diets successfully lost weight, but the groups that consumed the higher-protein meat-containing diets also lost bone mineral density compared to the control group.
The impact of dietary protein on bone remains controversial, and information about dietary protein and bone from studies with weight-stable subjects might not be applicable to weight loss.
Researchers analyzed data from two controlled diet studies and discovered the women who ate the energy-reduced diets successfully lost weight, but the groups that consumed the higher-protein meat-containing diets also lost bone mineral density compared to the control group.
The impact of dietary protein on bone remains controversial, and information about dietary protein and bone from studies with weight-stable subjects might not be applicable to weight loss.
Low Vitamin D Levels Associated With Cognitive Decline
Older adults with low levels of vitamin D appear more likely to experience declines in thinking, learning and memory over a six-year period, according to a report in the July 12 issue of Archives of Internal Medicine.
An estimated 40 percent to 100 percent of older adults in the United States and Europe are deficient in vitamin D, according to background information in the article. This deficiency has been linked to fractures, various chronic diseases and death. Vitamin D may help prevent the degeneration of brain tissue by having a role in formation of nervous tissue, maintaining levels of calcium in the body, or clearing of beta-amyloid, the substance that forms the brain plaques and tangles associated with Alzheimer's disease.
An estimated 40 percent to 100 percent of older adults in the United States and Europe are deficient in vitamin D, according to background information in the article. This deficiency has been linked to fractures, various chronic diseases and death. Vitamin D may help prevent the degeneration of brain tissue by having a role in formation of nervous tissue, maintaining levels of calcium in the body, or clearing of beta-amyloid, the substance that forms the brain plaques and tangles associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Luteolin Stars in Study of Healthful Plant Compounds
Six natural compounds in plants -- luteolin, quercetin, chrysin, eriodicytol, hesperetin, and naringenin were tested for their anti-inflammatory properties.
Of the six compounds, luteolin was the most effective inhibitor of TBK1. TBK1 is a signaling enzyme associated with inflammation in the body.
Luteolin is found in celery, thyme, green peppers, and chamomile tea. Foods rich in quercetin include capers, apples, and onions. Chrysin is from the fruit of blue passionflower, a tropical vine. Oranges, grapefruit, lemons, and other citrus fruits are good sources of eriodicytol, hesperetin, and naringenin.
Of the six compounds, luteolin was the most effective inhibitor of TBK1. TBK1 is a signaling enzyme associated with inflammation in the body.
Luteolin is found in celery, thyme, green peppers, and chamomile tea. Foods rich in quercetin include capers, apples, and onions. Chrysin is from the fruit of blue passionflower, a tropical vine. Oranges, grapefruit, lemons, and other citrus fruits are good sources of eriodicytol, hesperetin, and naringenin.
Vitamin D Levels Associated With Parkinson's Disease Risk
Individuals with higher levels of vitamin D appear to have a reduced risk of developing Parkinson's disease, according to a report in the July issue of Archives of Neurology, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
The study looked at 3,173 Finnish men and women age 50 to 79 who did not have Parkinson's disease at the beginning of the study, in 1978 to 1980.
Over a 29-year follow-up, through 2007, 50 of the participants developed Parkinson's disease. After adjusting for potentially related factors, including physical activity and body mass index, individuals in the highest quartile (one-fourth of the study population) of serum vitamin D levels had a 67 percent lower risk of developing Parkinson's disease than those in the lowest quartile of vitamin D levels.
The study looked at 3,173 Finnish men and women age 50 to 79 who did not have Parkinson's disease at the beginning of the study, in 1978 to 1980.
Over a 29-year follow-up, through 2007, 50 of the participants developed Parkinson's disease. After adjusting for potentially related factors, including physical activity and body mass index, individuals in the highest quartile (one-fourth of the study population) of serum vitamin D levels had a 67 percent lower risk of developing Parkinson's disease than those in the lowest quartile of vitamin D levels.
High Fructose Intake Linked to Higher Blood Pressure
High fructose intake in the form of added sugar is independently associated with higher blood pressure (BP), according to the results of a cross-sectional analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2003 to 2006), reported online ahead of print July 1 in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
In the study sample of 4528 adults without a history of hypertension, median fructose intake was 74 g/day, which is approximately equivalent to 2.5 sugary soft drinks each day.
In the study sample of 4528 adults without a history of hypertension, median fructose intake was 74 g/day, which is approximately equivalent to 2.5 sugary soft drinks each day.
Saturday, July 17, 2010
All-Trans Retinoic Acid Boosts Lung Cancer Chemotherapy
Adding all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) to cisplatin and paclitaxel improves outcome in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, Mexican researchers report in a June 14th online paper in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
Vitamin D Low in Patients With Headache and Migraine
Patients with headache and migraine may need to have their vitamin D levels assessed, report researchers. Preliminary findings released here at the American Headache Society (AHS) 52nd Annual Scientific Meeting reveal low vitamin D levels in these patients, with levels similar to those found in patients with chronic pain.
Researchers measured serum vitamin D levels in 900 patients and included 100 of these in the current analysis. About half of the patients had new migraine and headache. The remaining patients had chronic pain disorders, including fibromyalgia, rheumatic, and neuropathic pain disorders.
Researchers measured serum vitamin D levels in 900 patients and included 100 of these in the current analysis. About half of the patients had new migraine and headache. The remaining patients had chronic pain disorders, including fibromyalgia, rheumatic, and neuropathic pain disorders.
Calcium/vitamin D Supplements Not Bad For The Heart
Giving calcium and vitamin D supplements to postmenopausal women will not affect their coronary artery calcium levels, new data from the Women's Health Initiative show.
Previous work on this topic has yielded conflicting results, with one study suggesting that calcium supplements raised the risk of adverse events in postmenopausal women. Others, though, have shown little connection between supplements and coronary artery calcification.
Previous work on this topic has yielded conflicting results, with one study suggesting that calcium supplements raised the risk of adverse events in postmenopausal women. Others, though, have shown little connection between supplements and coronary artery calcification.
Vitamin B6, Methionine Linked to Lower Risk for Lung Cancer
Serum levels of vitamin B6 and methionine were inversely associated with risk for lung cancer, according to the results of a large cohort study reported in the June 16issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Between 1992 and 2000, 385,747 of the 519,978 EPIC participants donated blood samples for measurement of serum levels for 6 factors of 1-carbon metabolism and cotinine. There were 899 patients with lung cancer identified by 2006, to which 1770 control participants were matched by country, sex, birth date, and blood collection date.
Elevated serum levels of B6 and methionine were associated with a lower risk for lung cancer after accounting for smoking.
Between 1992 and 2000, 385,747 of the 519,978 EPIC participants donated blood samples for measurement of serum levels for 6 factors of 1-carbon metabolism and cotinine. There were 899 patients with lung cancer identified by 2006, to which 1770 control participants were matched by country, sex, birth date, and blood collection date.
Elevated serum levels of B6 and methionine were associated with a lower risk for lung cancer after accounting for smoking.
Wednesday, July 14, 2010
Fermented tea kombucha vanishes on alcohol worries
The drink dates back thousands of years and across cultures, though its actual country of origin is unclear. But it has gained popularity in the past few years in the U.S., partly because of claimed health benefits, though there's little science behind them. And it doesn't hurt when stars like Lindsay Lohan are photographed drinking kombucha.
Since last month, the government has been testing kombucha to determine if it should be labeled like beer or wine. Distributors and retailers like Whole Foods Inc. have removed the most popular form, raw kombucha, from stores, saying they won't restock until they know more. Read more
Since last month, the government has been testing kombucha to determine if it should be labeled like beer or wine. Distributors and retailers like Whole Foods Inc. have removed the most popular form, raw kombucha, from stores, saying they won't restock until they know more. Read more
Monday, July 12, 2010
Vitamins B6, B12 May Protect Against Depression in Older Adults
High total intakes of vitamins B6 and B12 are associated with a lower risk for depressive symptoms over time in community-residing older adults, according to the results of a cohort study reported online June 2 in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
B-vitamin deficiencies have been associated with depression; however, there is very little prospective evidence from population-based studies of older adults. The study examined whether dietary intakes of vitamins B-6, folate, or vitamin B-12 were predictive of depressive symptoms over an average of 7 years in a community-based population of older adults.
After adjustment for age, sex, race, education, income, and use of antidepressant medications, higher total vitamin intakes including supplements were associated with a lower risk for incident depression during follow-up for up to 12 years. Odds of depressive symptoms were 2% lower per year for each additional 10 mg of vitamin B6 and an additional 10 μg of vitamin B12.
B-vitamin deficiencies have been associated with depression; however, there is very little prospective evidence from population-based studies of older adults. The study examined whether dietary intakes of vitamins B-6, folate, or vitamin B-12 were predictive of depressive symptoms over an average of 7 years in a community-based population of older adults.
After adjustment for age, sex, race, education, income, and use of antidepressant medications, higher total vitamin intakes including supplements were associated with a lower risk for incident depression during follow-up for up to 12 years. Odds of depressive symptoms were 2% lower per year for each additional 10 mg of vitamin B6 and an additional 10 μg of vitamin B12.
Dark Chocolate May Help Control Elevated Blood Pressure
Dark chocolate may help control elevated blood pressure (BP), according to the results of a meta-analysis reported in the June 28 issue of BMC Medicine.
Flavanols found in chocolate have been shown to increase the formation of endothelial nitric oxide, which promotes vasodilation and consequently may lower blood pressure. There have, however, been conflicting results as to the real-life effects of eating chocolate. The researchers found that consumption can significantly, albeit modestly, reduce blood pressure for people with high blood pressure but not for people with normal blood pressure.
Flavanols found in chocolate have been shown to increase the formation of endothelial nitric oxide, which promotes vasodilation and consequently may lower blood pressure. There have, however, been conflicting results as to the real-life effects of eating chocolate. The researchers found that consumption can significantly, albeit modestly, reduce blood pressure for people with high blood pressure but not for people with normal blood pressure.
High Blood Levels of Vitamin E Reduces Risk of Alzheimer's
High levels of several vitamin E components in the blood are associated with a decreased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in advanced age, suggesting that vitamin E may help prevent cognitive deterioration in elderly people. This is the conclusion reached in a Swedish study published in the July 2010 issue of the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.
Vitamin E is a family of eight natural components, but most studies related to Alzheimer's disease investigate only one of these components, alpha tocopherol. Scientists hypothesized that all the vitamin E family members could be important in protecting against AD. If confirmed, this result could have implications for both individuals and society, as 70 percent of all dementia cases in the general population occur in people over 75 years of age, and the study suggests a protective effect of vitamin E against AD in individuals aged 80+.
The study included a sample of 232 participants. All participants were aged 80+ years and were dementia-free at the beginning of the study (baseline). After 6-years of follow-up, 57 AD cases were identified.
The blood levels of all eight natural vitamin E components were measured at the beginning of the study. Subjects with higher blood levels (highest tertile) were compared with subjects who had lower blood levels (lowest tertile) to verify whether these two groups developed dementia at different rates. The study found that subjects with higher blood levels of all the vitamin E family forms had a reduced risk of developing AD, compared to subjects with lower levels. After adjusting for various confounders, the risk was reduced by 45-54%, depending on the vitamin E component.
Vitamin E is a family of eight natural components, but most studies related to Alzheimer's disease investigate only one of these components, alpha tocopherol. Scientists hypothesized that all the vitamin E family members could be important in protecting against AD. If confirmed, this result could have implications for both individuals and society, as 70 percent of all dementia cases in the general population occur in people over 75 years of age, and the study suggests a protective effect of vitamin E against AD in individuals aged 80+.
The study included a sample of 232 participants. All participants were aged 80+ years and were dementia-free at the beginning of the study (baseline). After 6-years of follow-up, 57 AD cases were identified.
The blood levels of all eight natural vitamin E components were measured at the beginning of the study. Subjects with higher blood levels (highest tertile) were compared with subjects who had lower blood levels (lowest tertile) to verify whether these two groups developed dementia at different rates. The study found that subjects with higher blood levels of all the vitamin E family forms had a reduced risk of developing AD, compared to subjects with lower levels. After adjusting for various confounders, the risk was reduced by 45-54%, depending on the vitamin E component.
Wednesday, June 16, 2010
Does Diet Really Affect Acne?
Acne vulgaris has anecdotally been attributed to diet by individuals affected by this skin condition.
In a 2009 systematic literature review of 21 observational studies and 6 clinical trials, the association between acne and diet was evaluated. Observational studies, including 2 large controlled prospective trials, reported that cow's milk intake increased acne prevalence and severity. Furthermore, prospective studies, including randomized controlled trials, demonstrated a positive association between a high-glycemic-load diet, hormonal mediators, and acne risk.
Based on these findings, there exists convincing data supporting the role of dairy products and high-glycemic-index foods in influencing hormonal and inflammatory factors, which can increase acne prevalence and severity. Studies have been inconclusive regarding the association between acne and other foods.
In a 2009 systematic literature review of 21 observational studies and 6 clinical trials, the association between acne and diet was evaluated. Observational studies, including 2 large controlled prospective trials, reported that cow's milk intake increased acne prevalence and severity. Furthermore, prospective studies, including randomized controlled trials, demonstrated a positive association between a high-glycemic-load diet, hormonal mediators, and acne risk.
Based on these findings, there exists convincing data supporting the role of dairy products and high-glycemic-index foods in influencing hormonal and inflammatory factors, which can increase acne prevalence and severity. Studies have been inconclusive regarding the association between acne and other foods.
Monday, June 14, 2010
Higher 'good' cholesterol linked to lower cancer risk
People who have low levels of the so-called good cholesterol have long been known to be at higher risk of heart attacks and heart disease. Now, a new study suggests they may have a higher risk of cancer, too. Read more
Chocolate Might Help Cut Cholesterol
Eating chocolate could bring down cholesterol levels in some people, a new meta-analysis shows.
But chocolate lovers shouldn't take the news as license to indulge. Chocolate only helped people who already had risk factors for heart disease, and only when consumed in modest amounts, Dr. Rutai Hui of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College in Beijing and colleagues found.
Several studies have suggested that chocolate may be good for you. One study released in March showed that among 19,300 people, those who ate the most chocolate had lower blood pressure and were less likely to suffer a stroke or heart attack over the next 10 years. But like the new analysis, that research came with caveats; the difference in chocolate consumption between the top and bottom chocolate-consuming groups was around 6 grams, or about one-seventh of a Hershey's milk chocolate bar.
In the new analysis, Dr. Hui and colleagues searched the medical literature to find studies that looked at how cocoa affected lipids. They found eight trials including 215 people. When the data were pooled, the researchers found eating cocoa cut levels of LDL cholesterol, by about 6 mg/dL and reduced total cholesterol by the same amount. But cocoa had no effect on cholesterol in the three highest-quality studies.
Further analysis showed that only people who ate small amounts of cocoa, an amount containing 260 mg of polyphenols or less, experienced cholesterol lowering effects; people who consumed more showed no effect. (A 1.25-ounce bar of milk chocolate contains about 300 mg of polyphenols.)
The researchers also found that healthy people didn't get any cholesterol-lowering benefits from cocoa, but people with risk factors for heart disease, such as diabetes, saw their LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol drop by around 8 mg/dL each.
Eating moderate amounts of cocoa could be "a worthwhile dietary approach" for preventing high cholesterol in certain groups of people, Dr. Hui and colleagues conclude in their report, which was published online May 26th in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
But chocolate lovers shouldn't take the news as license to indulge. Chocolate only helped people who already had risk factors for heart disease, and only when consumed in modest amounts, Dr. Rutai Hui of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College in Beijing and colleagues found.
Several studies have suggested that chocolate may be good for you. One study released in March showed that among 19,300 people, those who ate the most chocolate had lower blood pressure and were less likely to suffer a stroke or heart attack over the next 10 years. But like the new analysis, that research came with caveats; the difference in chocolate consumption between the top and bottom chocolate-consuming groups was around 6 grams, or about one-seventh of a Hershey's milk chocolate bar.
In the new analysis, Dr. Hui and colleagues searched the medical literature to find studies that looked at how cocoa affected lipids. They found eight trials including 215 people. When the data were pooled, the researchers found eating cocoa cut levels of LDL cholesterol, by about 6 mg/dL and reduced total cholesterol by the same amount. But cocoa had no effect on cholesterol in the three highest-quality studies.
Further analysis showed that only people who ate small amounts of cocoa, an amount containing 260 mg of polyphenols or less, experienced cholesterol lowering effects; people who consumed more showed no effect. (A 1.25-ounce bar of milk chocolate contains about 300 mg of polyphenols.)
The researchers also found that healthy people didn't get any cholesterol-lowering benefits from cocoa, but people with risk factors for heart disease, such as diabetes, saw their LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol drop by around 8 mg/dL each.
Eating moderate amounts of cocoa could be "a worthwhile dietary approach" for preventing high cholesterol in certain groups of people, Dr. Hui and colleagues conclude in their report, which was published online May 26th in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
Long-Term Metformin Treatment Linked to Vitamin B12 Deficiency
A recent study found long-term metformin treatment is linked to vitamin B12 deficiency.
Metformin is considered a cornerstone in the treatment of diabetes and is the most frequently prescribed first line therapy for individuals with type 2 diabetes. It is one of a few antihyperglycaemic agents associated with improvements in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, which is a major cause of death in patients with type 2 diabetes.
However, metformin can induce vitamin B-12 malabsorption, which may increase the risk of developing vitamin B-12 deficiency — a clinically important and treatable condition
Metformin is considered a cornerstone in the treatment of diabetes and is the most frequently prescribed first line therapy for individuals with type 2 diabetes. It is one of a few antihyperglycaemic agents associated with improvements in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, which is a major cause of death in patients with type 2 diabetes.
However, metformin can induce vitamin B-12 malabsorption, which may increase the risk of developing vitamin B-12 deficiency — a clinically important and treatable condition
Wednesday, June 2, 2010
Malnutrition killing elderly in U.S.
Although malnutrition is often thought of as a killer in the developing world, it's also a problem for the elderly in the United States, according to research published in the May issue of the Annals of Epidemiology. Read more
American cigarettes contain more harmful carcinogens
Cigarette-smoking Americans receive higher doses of the most potent carcinogens than do smokers in many foreign countries because of variations in the way tobacco is processed for cigarettes, researchers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported June 1.
American cigarettes are typically made from "American blend" tobacco, a specific blend that, because of growing and curing practices, contains higher levels of cancer-causing tobacco-specific nitrosamines. The most popular Canadian, Australian and British brands, in contrast, are made from "bright" tobacco, which is lighter in color and cured differently.
Read more
American cigarettes are typically made from "American blend" tobacco, a specific blend that, because of growing and curing practices, contains higher levels of cancer-causing tobacco-specific nitrosamines. The most popular Canadian, Australian and British brands, in contrast, are made from "bright" tobacco, which is lighter in color and cured differently.
Read more
Bisphenol A and Other Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals Pose Cancer Risk
Longtime environmental health researchers at Tufts University School of Medicine describe the carcinogenic effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), ubiquitous chemicals that have hormone-like effects in the body. In a review article published online May 25 in Nature Reviews Endocrinology, the researchers express the need for more complex strategies for studying how these chemicals affect health but report that ample evidence already supports changing public health and environmental policies to protect the public from exposure to EDCs.
Melasma: Treatment with 10% tretinoin peeling mask
Melasma is one of the most frequently acquired hyperpigmentation disorders clinically characterized by symmetrical brown patches on sun exposed areas. The first approach is an avoidance of sun exposure and inflammation combined with a use of photoprotection. Patient treatment is particularly difficult and challenging, and necessitates consideration of many therapies, including tretinoin to obtain an amelioration of this important skin condition.
A recent study showed moderate or marked improvement of melasma in all patients using a 10% tretinoin peeling mask. Tretinoin is the acid form of vitamin A and so also known as all-trans retinoic acid or ATRA.
A recent study showed moderate or marked improvement of melasma in all patients using a 10% tretinoin peeling mask. Tretinoin is the acid form of vitamin A and so also known as all-trans retinoic acid or ATRA.
Thursday, May 27, 2010
Rare Cases of Liver Injury Reported with Use of Xenical, Alli
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today advised consumers and health care professionals about potential rare occurrences of severe liver injury in patients taking the weight-loss medication orlistat, marketed as Xenical and Alli.
The FDA has approved a revised label for the prescription drug Xenical. The agency is working with the manufacturer of Alli on label revisions to reflect this rare occurrence.
Both Xenical and Alli are medications contain the same active ingredient, orlistat. Xenical, available only by prescription, contains 120 milligrams of orlistat. Alli, sold over-the-counter without a prescription, contains 60 mg of orlistat. An estimated 40 million people worldwide have taken either Xenical or Alli. Read press release
The FDA has approved a revised label for the prescription drug Xenical. The agency is working with the manufacturer of Alli on label revisions to reflect this rare occurrence.
Both Xenical and Alli are medications contain the same active ingredient, orlistat. Xenical, available only by prescription, contains 120 milligrams of orlistat. Alli, sold over-the-counter without a prescription, contains 60 mg of orlistat. An estimated 40 million people worldwide have taken either Xenical or Alli. Read press release
Wednesday, May 12, 2010
Indoor Tanning May Be Addicting
Indoor tanning may be an addictive behavior for certain young adults, according to a study published in the April issue of Archives of Dermatology.
This study extends prior work by relating indoor tanning addiction to substance use and affective disturbance.
Between September and December 2006, a total of 421 college students from the northeastern United States anonymously completed questionnaires regarding indoor tanning habits, substance use, anxiety and depression symptoms, and demographics.
The students reported a mean of 23 indoor tanning sessions in the past year. Those who met criteria for addiction to tanning reported tanning more often than those with addictive tendencies, and both groups reported more tanning than those who did not meet criteria for addiction to indoor tanning.
Link to Substance Use, Anxiety
Forty-two percent of students who met criteria for indoor tanning addiction (21 of 50) reported using 2 or more substances (excluding alcohol) in the past month. In contrast, only 16.0% of students (29 of 181) who had never tanned indoors and 16.8% of students (20 of 119) who were not addicted to tanning affirmed this degree of substance use. Students who met study criteria for addiction to indoor tanning also reported greater alcohol and marijuana use.
Overall, findings suggest that individuals who use drugs may be more likely to develop dependence on indoor tanning because of a similar addictive process.
More Women Than Men
There was no association between skin type and addiction to indoor tanning, although the researchers say this may be due to underrepresentation of students with darker skin tones.
In addition, sex was not associated with addiction to indoor tanning, although women were overrepresented in the study.
This study extends prior work by relating indoor tanning addiction to substance use and affective disturbance.
Between September and December 2006, a total of 421 college students from the northeastern United States anonymously completed questionnaires regarding indoor tanning habits, substance use, anxiety and depression symptoms, and demographics.
The students reported a mean of 23 indoor tanning sessions in the past year. Those who met criteria for addiction to tanning reported tanning more often than those with addictive tendencies, and both groups reported more tanning than those who did not meet criteria for addiction to indoor tanning.
Link to Substance Use, Anxiety
Forty-two percent of students who met criteria for indoor tanning addiction (21 of 50) reported using 2 or more substances (excluding alcohol) in the past month. In contrast, only 16.0% of students (29 of 181) who had never tanned indoors and 16.8% of students (20 of 119) who were not addicted to tanning affirmed this degree of substance use. Students who met study criteria for addiction to indoor tanning also reported greater alcohol and marijuana use.
Overall, findings suggest that individuals who use drugs may be more likely to develop dependence on indoor tanning because of a similar addictive process.
More Women Than Men
There was no association between skin type and addiction to indoor tanning, although the researchers say this may be due to underrepresentation of students with darker skin tones.
In addition, sex was not associated with addiction to indoor tanning, although women were overrepresented in the study.
Depressed People Like To Eat Chocolate
A new cross-sectional study suggests individuals with depressive symptoms eat more chocolate than usual, but it does not explain why.
The study, published in the April 26 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine, included 931 adults not using antidepressants. The mean age of study subjects was 57.6 years and mean body mass index was 27.8 kg/m2 or less; 70.1% were male, 80.4% were white, and 58.8% were college educated. Subjects provided information on chocolate consumption (frequency and amount).
According to the researchers, several nutrient factors that could be linked to mood, such as increased caffeine, fat, carbohydrate, or energy intake, bore no significant correlation with mood symptoms, suggesting relative specificity of the chocolate finding.
Although a lot of people perceive that they get a mood lift when they eat chocolate, there was no evidence in the study that chocolate had a sustained benefit on mood.
The study, published in the April 26 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine, included 931 adults not using antidepressants. The mean age of study subjects was 57.6 years and mean body mass index was 27.8 kg/m2 or less; 70.1% were male, 80.4% were white, and 58.8% were college educated. Subjects provided information on chocolate consumption (frequency and amount).
According to the researchers, several nutrient factors that could be linked to mood, such as increased caffeine, fat, carbohydrate, or energy intake, bore no significant correlation with mood symptoms, suggesting relative specificity of the chocolate finding.
Although a lot of people perceive that they get a mood lift when they eat chocolate, there was no evidence in the study that chocolate had a sustained benefit on mood.
Sunday, May 9, 2010
Why Cholesterol Damages Arteries
In addition to crystallized cholesterol, atherosclerotic plaques always contain large quantities of immune cells but, surprisingly, no bacteria or viruses. It was previously unclear just how the body's own defence forces are called into action. Even animals that are kept in an absolutely sterile environment can suffer from "clogging" or "furring" of the arteries when their food contains high levels of cholesterol. The same relationship is found in humans. Read more
Vitamin E Provides New Hope for Patients With 'Silent' Liver Disease
A daily dose of a specific form of vitamin E significantly improved the liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), according to a study funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health. Results were published April 28 online in the New England Journal of Medicine. In addition, Actos (pioglitazone), a drug used to treat diabetes, also improved many features of NASH but was associated with weight gain. Read more
Dark Chocolate May Guard Against Brain Injury from Stroke
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have discovered that a compound in dark chocolate may protect the brain after a stroke by increasing cellular signals already known to shield nerve cells from damage. Read more
Saturday, May 8, 2010
Supplemental Vitamin D May Help Reduce Breast Cancer Risk
Vitamin D from supplements may reduce the risk for breast cancer in women with relatively low vitamin D intakes, suggest study findings published online April 14 ahead of print in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. The study also found a significant inverse trend for higher calcium intakes but no interaction between vitamin D and calcium. However, no associations were found between overall combined vitamin D or calcium intakes from food and supplements and breast cancer risk.
Vitamin D Deficiency Linked to Cognitive Impairment in Older Women
Vitamin D deficiency appears to increase the risk for cognitive impairment, a large, population-based study of older women shows.
Presented here at the American Academy of Neurology 62nd Annual Meeting, the cross-sectional study shows older women with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels of less than 10 ng/mL had a 2-fold increased risk of global cognitive impairment compared with their counterparts who were not vitamin D deficient.
Typically associated with skeletal disorders, vitamin D deficiency is also associated with neuromuscular disorders in humans and severe coordination disorders in animal research
Presented here at the American Academy of Neurology 62nd Annual Meeting, the cross-sectional study shows older women with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels of less than 10 ng/mL had a 2-fold increased risk of global cognitive impairment compared with their counterparts who were not vitamin D deficient.
Typically associated with skeletal disorders, vitamin D deficiency is also associated with neuromuscular disorders in humans and severe coordination disorders in animal research
Thursday, April 29, 2010
Low Vitamin D Levels Associated With More Asthma Symptoms and Medication Use
Low levels of vitamin D are associated with lower lung function and greater medication use in children with asthma, according to researchers at National Jewish Health. In a paper published online this week in the Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Daniel Searing, MD, and his colleagues also reported that vitamin D enhances the activity of corticosteroids, the most effective controller medication for asthma.
The indings suggest that vitamin D supplementation may help reverse steroid resistance in asthmatic children and reduce the effective dose of steroids needed.
The researchers examined electronic medical records of 100 pediatric asthma patients referred to National Jewish Health. Overall, 47 percent of them had vitamin D levels considered insufficient, below 30 nanograms per milliliter of blood (ng/mL). Seventeen percent of the patients had levels below 20 ng/mL, which is considered deficient. These levels were similar to vitamin D levels found in the general population.
Patients low in vitamin D generally had higher levels of IgE, a marker of allergy, and responded positively to more allergens in a skin prick test. Allergies to the specific indoor allergens, dog and house dust mite, were higher in patients with low vitamin D levels. Low vitamin D also correlated with low FEV1, the amount of air a person can exhale in one second, and lower FEV1/FVC, another measure of lung function. Use of inhaled steroids, oral steroids and long-acting beta agonists were all higher in patients low in vitamin D.
The researchers performed a series of laboratory experiments that indicated vitamin D enhances the action of corticosteroids. They cultured some immune cells with the corticosteroid dexamethasone alone and others with vitamin D first, then dexamethasone. The vitamin D significantly increased the effectiveness of dexamethasone. In one experiment vitamin D and dexamethasone together were more effective than 10 times as much dexamethasone alone.
The researchers also incubated immune-system cells for 72 hours with a staphylococcal toxin to induce corticosteroid resistance. Vitamin D restored the activity of dexamethasone
This study comes on the heels of another paper by National Jewish Health faculty, which showed that low levels of vitamin D in adult asthma patients are associated with lower lung function and reduced responsiveness to corticosteroids.
The indings suggest that vitamin D supplementation may help reverse steroid resistance in asthmatic children and reduce the effective dose of steroids needed.
The researchers examined electronic medical records of 100 pediatric asthma patients referred to National Jewish Health. Overall, 47 percent of them had vitamin D levels considered insufficient, below 30 nanograms per milliliter of blood (ng/mL). Seventeen percent of the patients had levels below 20 ng/mL, which is considered deficient. These levels were similar to vitamin D levels found in the general population.
Patients low in vitamin D generally had higher levels of IgE, a marker of allergy, and responded positively to more allergens in a skin prick test. Allergies to the specific indoor allergens, dog and house dust mite, were higher in patients with low vitamin D levels. Low vitamin D also correlated with low FEV1, the amount of air a person can exhale in one second, and lower FEV1/FVC, another measure of lung function. Use of inhaled steroids, oral steroids and long-acting beta agonists were all higher in patients low in vitamin D.
The researchers performed a series of laboratory experiments that indicated vitamin D enhances the action of corticosteroids. They cultured some immune cells with the corticosteroid dexamethasone alone and others with vitamin D first, then dexamethasone. The vitamin D significantly increased the effectiveness of dexamethasone. In one experiment vitamin D and dexamethasone together were more effective than 10 times as much dexamethasone alone.
The researchers also incubated immune-system cells for 72 hours with a staphylococcal toxin to induce corticosteroid resistance. Vitamin D restored the activity of dexamethasone
This study comes on the heels of another paper by National Jewish Health faculty, which showed that low levels of vitamin D in adult asthma patients are associated with lower lung function and reduced responsiveness to corticosteroids.
Vitamin and Calcium Supplements May Reduce Breast Cancer Risk
Vitamins and calcium supplements appear to reduce the risk of breast cancer, according to findings presented at the American Association for Cancer Research 101st Annual Meeting 2010.
The findings suggest that the calcium supplements are acting to enhance DNA repair capacity, a complex biological process involving more than 200 proteins that, if disrupted, can lead to cancer.
The study included 268 women with breast cancer and 457 healthy controls. Women were more likely to have breast cancer if they were older, had a family history of breast cancer, had no history of breastfeeding and had lower DNA repair capacity.
Vitamin supplements appeared to reduce the risk of breast cancer by about 30 percent. Calcium supplements reduced the risk of breast cancer by 40 percent. After controlling for the level of DNA repair capacity, calcium supplements were no longer as protective, but the link between vitamin supplements and breast cancer reduction remained.
The findings suggest that the calcium supplements are acting to enhance DNA repair capacity, a complex biological process involving more than 200 proteins that, if disrupted, can lead to cancer.
The study included 268 women with breast cancer and 457 healthy controls. Women were more likely to have breast cancer if they were older, had a family history of breast cancer, had no history of breastfeeding and had lower DNA repair capacity.
Vitamin supplements appeared to reduce the risk of breast cancer by about 30 percent. Calcium supplements reduced the risk of breast cancer by 40 percent. After controlling for the level of DNA repair capacity, calcium supplements were no longer as protective, but the link between vitamin supplements and breast cancer reduction remained.
Vitamin K May Protect Against Developing Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
In the first study of vitamin K and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk, researchers at the Mayo Clinic campus in Minnesota have found that people who have higher intakes of vitamin K from their diet have a lower risk of developing Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma is a cancer of the immune system and is the most common hematologic malignancy in the United States.
At the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), the researchers report that the risk of developing Non-Hodgkin lymphoma was approximately 45 percent lower for participants who had vitamin K intakes in the top quartile of intake in the study (>108 ug/day), compared to participants who had intakes in the bottom quartile (<39 ug/day). This association remained after accounting for other factors such as age, sex, education, obesity, smoking, alcohol use and intake of foods with high amounts of antioxidants.
Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin and is derived from either plants (phylloquinone or vitamin K1) or bacterial synthesis. This study estimated intake of the plant form of vitamin K from diet and supplement use. The most common sources of vitamin K1 in the diet include leaf lettuce and spinach, with smaller amounts found in other vegetables, vegetable oils and some fruits.
Science News Share Blog Cite Print Email BookmarkVitamin K May Protect Against Developing Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Say Mayo Clinic Researchers
ScienceDaily (Apr. 21, 2010) — In the first study of vitamin K and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk, researchers at the Mayo Clinic campus in Minnesota have found that people who have higher intakes of vitamin K from their diet have a lower risk of developing Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma is a cancer of the immune system and is the most common hematologic malignancy in the United States.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See Also:
Health & Medicine
•Lymphoma
•Vitamin
•Dietary Supplement
•Nutrition
•Cancer
•Cholesterol
Reference
•B vitamins
•Vitamin K
•Micronutrient
•Essential nutrient
At the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), the researchers report that the risk of developing Non-Hodgkin lymphoma was approximately 45 percent lower for participants who had vitamin K intakes in the top quartile of intake in the study (>108 ug/day), compared to participants who had intakes in the bottom quartile (<39 ug/day). This association remained after accounting for other factors such as age, sex, education, obesity, smoking, alcohol use and intake of foods with high amounts of antioxidants.
Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin and is derived from either plants (phylloquinone or vitamin K1) or bacterial synthesis. This study estimated intake of the plant form of vitamin K from diet and supplement use. The most common sources of vitamin K1 in the diet include leaf lettuce and spinach, with smaller amounts found in other vegetables, vegetable oils and some fruits.
Researchers at the Mayo Comprehensive Cancer Center are studying the connection between diet and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk, and they became interested in a potential role for vitamin K. While vitamin K is best known for its essential function in several proteins involved in blood clotting (the name of the vitamin is derived from the German word "Koagulations"), it also appears to be important in other biological processes, including inhibition of inflammatory cytokines thought to play a role in Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, as well as pathways involved in cell cycle arrest and cell death.
The Mayo study enrolled 603 patients who were newly diagnosed with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma as well as 1,007 matched cancer-free "control" participants. Researchers asked the participants to answer a food questionnaire about their usual intake of over 120 food items two years prior to their cancer diagnosis or enrollment into the study (controls). They also asked about use of a variety of supplements. Vitamin K intake was estimated from this data.
While there was a clear trend showing that a greater intake of vitamin K from dietary sources was associated with a lower risk of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, the use of vitamin K supplements presented a slightly different picture. Increasing intake of vitamin K from supplements did protect against Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, but reached a point where the highest intake offered no reduction in risk.
At the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), the researchers report that the risk of developing Non-Hodgkin lymphoma was approximately 45 percent lower for participants who had vitamin K intakes in the top quartile of intake in the study (>108 ug/day), compared to participants who had intakes in the bottom quartile (<39 ug/day). This association remained after accounting for other factors such as age, sex, education, obesity, smoking, alcohol use and intake of foods with high amounts of antioxidants.
Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin and is derived from either plants (phylloquinone or vitamin K1) or bacterial synthesis. This study estimated intake of the plant form of vitamin K from diet and supplement use. The most common sources of vitamin K1 in the diet include leaf lettuce and spinach, with smaller amounts found in other vegetables, vegetable oils and some fruits.
Science News Share Blog Cite Print Email BookmarkVitamin K May Protect Against Developing Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Say Mayo Clinic Researchers
ScienceDaily (Apr. 21, 2010) — In the first study of vitamin K and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk, researchers at the Mayo Clinic campus in Minnesota have found that people who have higher intakes of vitamin K from their diet have a lower risk of developing Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma is a cancer of the immune system and is the most common hematologic malignancy in the United States.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See Also:
Health & Medicine
•Lymphoma
•Vitamin
•Dietary Supplement
•Nutrition
•Cancer
•Cholesterol
Reference
•B vitamins
•Vitamin K
•Micronutrient
•Essential nutrient
At the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), the researchers report that the risk of developing Non-Hodgkin lymphoma was approximately 45 percent lower for participants who had vitamin K intakes in the top quartile of intake in the study (>108 ug/day), compared to participants who had intakes in the bottom quartile (<39 ug/day). This association remained after accounting for other factors such as age, sex, education, obesity, smoking, alcohol use and intake of foods with high amounts of antioxidants.
Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin and is derived from either plants (phylloquinone or vitamin K1) or bacterial synthesis. This study estimated intake of the plant form of vitamin K from diet and supplement use. The most common sources of vitamin K1 in the diet include leaf lettuce and spinach, with smaller amounts found in other vegetables, vegetable oils and some fruits.
Researchers at the Mayo Comprehensive Cancer Center are studying the connection between diet and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk, and they became interested in a potential role for vitamin K. While vitamin K is best known for its essential function in several proteins involved in blood clotting (the name of the vitamin is derived from the German word "Koagulations"), it also appears to be important in other biological processes, including inhibition of inflammatory cytokines thought to play a role in Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, as well as pathways involved in cell cycle arrest and cell death.
The Mayo study enrolled 603 patients who were newly diagnosed with Non-Hodgkin lymphoma as well as 1,007 matched cancer-free "control" participants. Researchers asked the participants to answer a food questionnaire about their usual intake of over 120 food items two years prior to their cancer diagnosis or enrollment into the study (controls). They also asked about use of a variety of supplements. Vitamin K intake was estimated from this data.
While there was a clear trend showing that a greater intake of vitamin K from dietary sources was associated with a lower risk of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, the use of vitamin K supplements presented a slightly different picture. Increasing intake of vitamin K from supplements did protect against Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, but reached a point where the highest intake offered no reduction in risk.
Arginine Increases Exercise Capacity
Taking arginine supplements can improve the cycling ability for people over 50. Researchers writing in the Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition tested a combination of the amino acid and an antioxidant in sixteen cyclists, finding that it enhanced their anaerobic threshold -- the amount of work done before lactic acid begins to accumulate in the blood.
The loss of exercise capacity with age often results in a reduction in physical fitness and more rapid senescence. A dietary supplement that increases exercise capacity might help to preserve physical fitness by optimizing performance and improving general health and well being in older people.
One way in which older people may reduce their exercise capacity revolves around the signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO), which is involved in many physiological processes, including those related to working out. NO production diminishes in quantity and availability as we age and is associated with an increased prevalence of other cardiovascular risk factors. In the body, NO is created from the amino acid arginine and is inactivated by oxygen free radicals. By supplementing diet with both the precursor and an anti-oxidant, the researchers hoped to support the NO system in the cyclists and thereby enhance performance.
Sixteen cyclists aged between 50 and 73 were randomly assigned to receive either the supplement or dummy placebo pills. After one week of study, the anaerobic threshold of the supplement group increased, while that of the control group did not significantly alter.
This study indicates a potential role of arginine and antioxidant supplementation in improving exercise performance in elderly.
The loss of exercise capacity with age often results in a reduction in physical fitness and more rapid senescence. A dietary supplement that increases exercise capacity might help to preserve physical fitness by optimizing performance and improving general health and well being in older people.
One way in which older people may reduce their exercise capacity revolves around the signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO), which is involved in many physiological processes, including those related to working out. NO production diminishes in quantity and availability as we age and is associated with an increased prevalence of other cardiovascular risk factors. In the body, NO is created from the amino acid arginine and is inactivated by oxygen free radicals. By supplementing diet with both the precursor and an anti-oxidant, the researchers hoped to support the NO system in the cyclists and thereby enhance performance.
Sixteen cyclists aged between 50 and 73 were randomly assigned to receive either the supplement or dummy placebo pills. After one week of study, the anaerobic threshold of the supplement group increased, while that of the control group did not significantly alter.
This study indicates a potential role of arginine and antioxidant supplementation in improving exercise performance in elderly.
Tuesday, April 27, 2010
Chocolate and Cardiovascular Risk - Small and Dark is Best
A large, observational study of over 19,000 Germans with a mean follow-up of 8 years. The authors demonstrated that those eating the most chocolate had fewer MI and strokes than more modest consumers (by 39%). Participants were free from cardiovascular disease at baseline.
On average, blood pressure measures were 1 mmHg/0.9 mmHg lower in the highest quartile of chocolate consumption versus the lowest.
It must be said, however, that we are talking about small amounts of chocolate here. Those in the highest quartile consumed 7.5g daily compared with 1.7g daily in the lowest quartile.
This work adds to already published data demonstrating that chocolate can lower blood pressure and improve both endothelial and platelet function.
It's thought that the active ingredient is the cocoa - a flavonoid - also present in red wine, citrus fruits and tea.
Of course the downside is that chocolate is largely sugar - which equals calories - and so must be consumed in small amounts to get the CV benefit.
And it's the expensive stuff, with the highest cocoa content, that would be expected to deliver the most protection.
On average, blood pressure measures were 1 mmHg/0.9 mmHg lower in the highest quartile of chocolate consumption versus the lowest.
It must be said, however, that we are talking about small amounts of chocolate here. Those in the highest quartile consumed 7.5g daily compared with 1.7g daily in the lowest quartile.
This work adds to already published data demonstrating that chocolate can lower blood pressure and improve both endothelial and platelet function.
It's thought that the active ingredient is the cocoa - a flavonoid - also present in red wine, citrus fruits and tea.
Of course the downside is that chocolate is largely sugar - which equals calories - and so must be consumed in small amounts to get the CV benefit.
And it's the expensive stuff, with the highest cocoa content, that would be expected to deliver the most protection.
Folate and Vitamin B6 Lower Cardiovascular Risk
Dietary intakes of folate and vitamin B6 reduce the risk for mortality from stroke and any cardiovascular disease in women and may reduce the risk for heart failure in men, according to a study conducted in Japan.
Data from 23,119 men and 35,611 women (aged 40 - 79 years) who completed food frequency questionnaires as part of the Japan Collaborative Cohort study were analyzed. At a median 14 years of follow-up, 986 participants died from stroke, 424 died from coronary heart disease, and 2087 died from any cardiovascular disease.
Participants' intake of folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 were classified into quintiles. Comparing the lowest vs the highest quintiles for each nutrient, the researchers found that higher consumption of folate and vitamin B6 was associated with significantly fewer deaths from heart failure in men, and significantly fewer deaths from stroke, heart disease, and any cardiovascular diseases in women. By contrast, vitamin B12 intake was not associated with reduced mortality risk.
Data from 23,119 men and 35,611 women (aged 40 - 79 years) who completed food frequency questionnaires as part of the Japan Collaborative Cohort study were analyzed. At a median 14 years of follow-up, 986 participants died from stroke, 424 died from coronary heart disease, and 2087 died from any cardiovascular disease.
Participants' intake of folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 were classified into quintiles. Comparing the lowest vs the highest quintiles for each nutrient, the researchers found that higher consumption of folate and vitamin B6 was associated with significantly fewer deaths from heart failure in men, and significantly fewer deaths from stroke, heart disease, and any cardiovascular diseases in women. By contrast, vitamin B12 intake was not associated with reduced mortality risk.
Food Combination and Alzheimer Disease Risk
Individuals who consume a diet rich in nuts, fish, poultry, vegetables, fruits, and olive oil–based salad dressings but low in high-fat dairy products, red meat, organ meats, and butter have a reduced risk for Alzheimer's disease, a new study suggests.
The finding, from a prospective community-based cohort study, warrants further exploration of food combinations in the prevention of this important public health problem, said lead study author Yian Gu, PhD, from the Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York City.
The finding, from a prospective community-based cohort study, warrants further exploration of food combinations in the prevention of this important public health problem, said lead study author Yian Gu, PhD, from the Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York City.
Saturday, April 17, 2010
FDA Stings Beehive Botanicals For Web Links That "Fell Through The Cracks"
Beehive Botanicals has endured product seizure, a complaint from FDA for making unapproved drug claims and potential damage to its reputation because it did not have a firm handle on all dimensions of its online business. Read more
Wednesday, April 14, 2010
Regulatory Assistance
LeverageFor works with attorneys, consultants, technical writers, marketers and medical professionals who are committed to helping dietary supplement companies minimize risk and maximize profit. If you need help complying with FDA and FTC regulations contact us at info@leveragefor.com.
Tuesday, March 30, 2010
Flaxseed lowers high cholesterol in men
A new study from Iowa State University's Nutrition and Wellness Research Center may give men a way to combat high cholesterol without drugs — if they don't mind sprinkling some flaxseed into their daily diet.
The study examined the effects of flaxseed lignan in 90 people diagnosed with high cholesterol. The results showed that consuming at least 150 milligrams of flaxseed lignans per day (about three tablespoons) decreased cholesterol in men, but not women, by just under 10 percent over the three months that they were given the flaxseed.
The study's 90 subjects -- which included twice as many men as women -- all had high cholesterol, but no other underlying health conditions. The participants were divided into three groups and were randomly assigned to daily consume tablets that contained zero, 150, or 300 milligrams of flaxseed lignans for 12 weeks.
It's the flaxseed lignans -- a group of chemical compounds found in plants that are known for their protective health effects -- that may help lower cholesterol. These compounds are converted to their bioactive forms by gut microbes.
The study examined the effects of flaxseed lignan in 90 people diagnosed with high cholesterol. The results showed that consuming at least 150 milligrams of flaxseed lignans per day (about three tablespoons) decreased cholesterol in men, but not women, by just under 10 percent over the three months that they were given the flaxseed.
The study's 90 subjects -- which included twice as many men as women -- all had high cholesterol, but no other underlying health conditions. The participants were divided into three groups and were randomly assigned to daily consume tablets that contained zero, 150, or 300 milligrams of flaxseed lignans for 12 weeks.
It's the flaxseed lignans -- a group of chemical compounds found in plants that are known for their protective health effects -- that may help lower cholesterol. These compounds are converted to their bioactive forms by gut microbes.
FDA pressured to combat rising 'food fraud'
The expensive "sheep's milk" cheese in a Manhattan market was really made from cow's milk. And a jar of "Sturgeon caviar" was, in fact, Mississippi paddlefish.
Some honey makers dilute their honey with sugar beets or corn syrup, their competitors say, but still market it as 100 percent pure at a premium price.
And last year, a Fairfax man was convicted of selling 10 million pounds of cheap, frozen catfish fillets from Vietnam as much more expensive grouper, red snapper and flounder. The fish was bought by national chain retailers, wholesalers and food service companies, and ended up on dinner plates across the country. Read more
Some honey makers dilute their honey with sugar beets or corn syrup, their competitors say, but still market it as 100 percent pure at a premium price.
And last year, a Fairfax man was convicted of selling 10 million pounds of cheap, frozen catfish fillets from Vietnam as much more expensive grouper, red snapper and flounder. The fish was bought by national chain retailers, wholesalers and food service companies, and ended up on dinner plates across the country. Read more
FDA targets processing of spices in bid to make supply safer
The Food and Drug Administration is reexamining the safety of a culinary staple found in every restaurant, food manufacturing plant and home kitchen pantry: spices.
In the middle of a nationwide outbreak of salmonella illness linked to black and red pepper -- and after 16 U.S. recalls since 2001 of tainted spices -- federal regulators met last week with the spice industry to figure out ways to make the supply safer.
Jeff Farrar, the FDA's associate commissioner for food safety, said the government wants the spice industry to do more to prevent contamination. That would include using one of three methods to rid spices of bacteria: irradiation, steam heating or fumigation with ethylene oxide, a pesticide. Read more
In the middle of a nationwide outbreak of salmonella illness linked to black and red pepper -- and after 16 U.S. recalls since 2001 of tainted spices -- federal regulators met last week with the spice industry to figure out ways to make the supply safer.
Jeff Farrar, the FDA's associate commissioner for food safety, said the government wants the spice industry to do more to prevent contamination. That would include using one of three methods to rid spices of bacteria: irradiation, steam heating or fumigation with ethylene oxide, a pesticide. Read more
Monday, March 29, 2010
A Princeton University research team has demonstrated that all sweeteners are not equal when it comes to weight gain: Rats with access to high-fructose corn syrup gained significantly more weight than those with access to table sugar, even when their overall caloric intake was the same.
In addition to causing significant weight gain in lab animals, long-term consumption of high-fructose corn syrup also led to abnormal increases in body fat, especially in the abdomen, and a rise in circulating blood fats called triglycerides.
In addition to causing significant weight gain in lab animals, long-term consumption of high-fructose corn syrup also led to abnormal increases in body fat, especially in the abdomen, and a rise in circulating blood fats called triglycerides.
New research suggests women whose diets are rich in foods containing Omega-3 oils might be less likely to develop endometriosis, while those whose diets are heavily laden with trans fats might be more likely to develop the debilitating condition.
For the ultimate omega-3 product click here
For the ultimate omega-3 product click here
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